The exhaust emission regulations of the European Union for new light duty vehicles (cars and light commercial vehicles) are specified in Directive 70/220/EEC. This Directive has been amended several times . Some of the major changes ( denoted by the word Euro Arab and a serial number ) are as follows :
- Standard Euro 1 ( also known as Ec 93 ) : Council Directive 91/441/EEC (passenger cars only) or 93/59/EEC ( passenger cars and light trucks )
- Standard Euro 2 standards ( Ec 96 ) : Directive 94/12/EC or 96/69/EC.
- Standard Euro 3/4 (2000/2005): Directive 98/69/EC, further amendments to Directive 2002/80/EC.
- Standards Euro 5/6 (2009/2014): Euro 5/6 " policy " legislation [ Regulation 715/2007 ] of June 20, 2007.
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Table 1 |
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EU Emission Standards for Passenger Cars (Category M1*) |
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|
Stage |
Date |
CO |
HC |
HC+NOx |
NOx |
PM |
PN |
|
|
|
g/km |
|
|
|
|
#/km |
|
Compression Ignition (Diesel) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euro 1† |
1992.07 |
2.72 (3.16) |
- |
0.97 (1.13) |
- |
0.14 (0.18) |
- |
|
Euro 2, IDI |
1996.01 |
1.0 |
- |
0.7 |
- |
0.08 |
- |
|
Euro 2, DI |
1996.01a |
1.0 |
- |
0.9 |
- |
0.10 |
- |
|
Euro 3 |
2000.01 |
0.64 |
- |
0.56 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
- |
|
Euro 4 |
2005.01 |
0.50 |
- |
0.30 |
0.25 |
0.025 |
- |
|
Euro 5a |
2009.09b |
0.50 |
- |
0.23 |
0.18 |
0.005f |
- |
|
Euro 5b |
2011.09c |
0.50 |
- |
0.23 |
0.18 |
0.005f |
6.0×1011 |
|
Euro 6 |
2014.09 |
0.50 |
- |
0.17 |
0.08 |
0.005f |
6.0×1011 |
|
Positive Ignition (Gasoline) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euro 1† |
1992.07 |
2.72 (3.16) |
- |
0.97 (1.13) |
- |
- |
- |
|
Euro 2 |
1996.01 |
2.2 |
- |
0.5 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Euro 3 |
2000.01 |
2.30 |
0.20 |
- |
0.15 |
- |
- |
|
Euro 4 |
2005.01 |
1.0 |
0.10 |
- |
0.08 |
- |
- |
|
Euro 5 |
2009.09b |
1.0 |
0.10d |
- |
0.06 |
0.005e,f |
- |
|
Euro 6 |
2014.09 |
1.0 |
0.10d |
- |
0.06 |
0.005e,f |
6.0×1011 e,g |
* At the Euro 1..4 stages, passenger vehicles > 2,500 kg were type approved as Category N1 vehicles
† Values in brackets are conformity of production (COP) limits\
a. until 1999.09.30 (after that date DI engines must meet the IDI limits)
b. 2011.01 for all models
c. 2013.01 for all models
d. and NMHC = 0.068 g/km
e. applicable only to vehicles using DI engines
f. 0.0045 g/km using the PMP measurement procedure
g. 6.0×1012 1/km within first three years from Euro 6 effective dates